The Middle Dynastic Period

The Middle Dynastic Period is represented through an object rather than a detailed historical account: a hippopotamus tusk carved with magical symbols and used in ceremonies. Its later presence in the Museum of Legends and Antiquities connects the period’s ritual practice to the book’s contemporary efforts to use Egyptian magic.

Ritual Object

The book identifies a hippopotamus tusk bearing magical symbols as an instrument used in magic ceremonies during the Middle Dynastic Period. The tusk was borrowed from the Museum of Legends and Antiquities’ Egyptian Magic collection, where it was catalogued as object 136. The reference gives the period a concrete material trace, while leaving its wider history and customs unspecified.

Later Use of Egyptian Magical Knowledge

Elsewhere, Theodosia relies on an ancient scroll by Hassam Fahkir concerning remedies for Egyptian magic when attempting to treat Danver. The text does not identify the scroll as belonging to the Middle Dynastic Period; it offers a separate example of ancient Egyptian knowledge being applied to a present crisis. Together, the references frame the past as a source of both ritual objects and practical magical instruction.