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The Ethics of Algorithms

Thinking, Fast and Slow

This flow follows the conflict between human sympathy for judgment and the predictive consistency of simple formulas.

increasingupBearing stren­gth in each eventdowndecreasing
Clinical ConfidenceClinical Confidence from "Thinking, Fast and Slow". Human Subtlety Rich Interviews Clinicians trust their ability to integrate many contextual details.
Human Subtlety Rich Interviews Clinicians trust their ability to integrate many contextual details. Statistical Challenge Simple combinations of scores often predict better.
The Formula ContestThe Formula Contest from "Thinking, Fast and Slow". Human Versus Rule Repeated Studies Across medicine, education, parole, and business, formulas match or exceed experts.
Human Versus Rule Repeated Studies Across medicine, education, parole, and business, formulas match or exceed experts. Consistency Algorithms do not fluctuate with mood, context, or fatigue.
The Broken-Leg RuleThe Broken-Leg Rule from "Thinking, Fast and Slow". Rare Decisive Evidence Default Rule A formula should usually govern noisy predictions. Exception A rare fact such as a broken leg can legitimately override it.
Rare Decisive Evidence Default Rule A formula should usually govern noisy predictions. Exception A rare fact such as a broken leg can legitimately override it.
Apgar StandardizationApgar Standardization from "Thinking, Fast and Slow". A Life-Saving Score Five Signs Virginia Apgar standardizes newborn assessment through a simple scale.
A Life-Saving Score Five Signs Virginia Apgar standardizes newborn assessment through a simple scale. Human Benefit A repeatable rule reduces missed danger signs in delivery rooms.
Naturalness ObjectionNaturalness Objection from "Thinking, Fast and Slow". The Moral Resistance Human Preference People dislike mechanical decisions affecting human lives.
The Moral Resistance Human Preference People dislike mechanical decisions affecting human lives. Ethical Reversal Yet refusing a more accurate formula can itself impose preventable harm.
At the opening of the formulas chapter
Early in the formula discussion
Middle of the formulas chapter
Later in Part 3
Near the end of the formulas chapter