The Public Debate Over Rights
September 11Traces the struggle over whether the emergency will expand surveillance, assassination, and restrictions on civil liberties.
increasing
Bearing strength in each event
decreasing
Emergency Proposals

Emergency Proposals
Officials discuss changing laws on terrorism, surveillance, and the assassination of foreign nationals.
The Security Claim
Such measures are presented as tools for preventing future attacks.
Chomsky’s Question
He asks what limits remain when emergency language expands executive power.
Calls for Wider Authority

Calls for Wider Authority
Public debate includes questions about granting the CIA greater freedom and permitting political killings.
A Familiar Logic
Chomsky connects these proposals with earlier covert operations and state violence.
Normalization Risk
Measures adopted in fear may become ordinary features of policy long after the immediate crisis.
The Intellectual Boundary

The Intellectual Boundary
Chomsky criticizes arguments that prohibit examination of causes as excuses for terrorism.
Debate Restricted
A demand to condemn without inquiry can exclude criticism of state violence from respectable discussion.
Rights and Responsibility
He argues that public reasoning is itself a protection against unaccountable power.
Civil Liberties Forecast

Civil Liberties Forecast
Chomsky doubts that restrictions on rights will prove severe and permanent, citing strong cultural and institutional barriers.
A Qualified Confidence
He does not deny the risk of expanded surveillance or coercive power.
Public Influence
An engaged public can help determine whether temporary measures become lasting institutions.
A Choice for Citizens

A Choice for Citizens
Chomsky urges citizens and activists to intensify, rather than suspend, serious criticism.
Two Possible Paths
Silence can aid reactionary political projects; sustained inquiry can support rights and democracy.
Civic Responsibility
The direction taken depends partly on whether people accept the role of passive spectators.
September 2001
September 17–21, 2001
September 21, 2001
Late September 2001
October 2001