Media and the Public Mood
September 11Follows the tension between public grief, calls for restraint, and media institutions’ tendency to rally behind state power.
increasing
Bearing strength in each event
decreasing
Shock and Grief

Shock and Grief
The attacks produce shock, horror, anger, fear, and a desire for vengeance among Americans.
Shared Condemnation
Chomsky recognizes the broad sympathy for victims and the demand that responsible perpetrators be found.
A Divided Response
Grief does not mean that the public uniformly supports indiscriminate retaliation.
Peaceful Countercurrents

Peaceful Countercurrents
Reports from New York describe calls for peace exceeding demands for punishment in some public spaces.
A More Complex Public
Chomsky disputes the idea that Americans speak with one voice in favor of war.
Room for Agency
Public opinion remains capable of resisting an escalatory policy, especially when alternatives are discussed.
Media Rally to Power

Media Rally to Power
Chomsky argues that major media and intellectuals often align with government in moments of crisis.
A Familiar Pattern
He compares this tendency with coverage of the Gulf War and the bombing of Serbia.
Narrowed Debate
Such alignment can make force seem inevitable while marginalizing questions about law and consequences.
The Missing Why

The Missing Why
Chomsky criticizes reporting that condemns the attacks but rarely asks why militant networks gain support.
Grievances in View
He points to Iraq, Palestine, and support for repressive governments as issues raised across the region.
Prevention Requires Inquiry
Ignoring those concerns, he argues, makes further violence more likely rather than less.
A Wider Public Debate

A Wider Public Debate
Chomsky finds audiences more receptive to discussion than some commentators expect, including through mainstream media appearances.
Opposition Is Possible
He stresses that calls for silence do not represent the whole public.
An Invitation to Act
Citizens can press for historical inquiry, restraint, and policies that reduce the likelihood of future attacks.
September 11–12, 2001
The first week after September 11
During the first weeks of September 2001
In the first weeks after September 11
Late September and early October 2001