Social Class Conflict: Emma vs. Mr. Knightley Over Harriet

The fundamental disagreement between Emma and Mr. Knightley about Harriet Smith's proper place in society.

increasingBearing stren­gth in each eventdecreasing

Emma's Elevation of Harriet

Emma's Elevation of Harriet A Project of Improvement Emma believes Harriet is a gentleman's daughter and deserves to move in higher circles. She plans to detach her from the Martin family. Mr. Knightley's Warning Mr. Knightley warns Emma that she is raising Harriet's expectations beyond her station, which will only lead to unhappiness.

The Refusal of Robert Martin

The Refusal of Robert Martin Emma's Influence Emma persuades Harriet to refuse Robert Martin, believing him too low for her. Mr. Knightley is furious. A Heated Argument Mr. Knightley accuses Emma of being a bad friend and of snobbery. Emma defends her actions, asserting that Harriet has a right to aim higher.

Mr. Knightley's Prediction

Mr. Knightley's Prediction A Prophecy Mr. Knightley predicts that Harriet will end up with no one of consequence, or worse, will be forced to marry beneath her. He warns that Emma's vanity is dangerous. Emma's Dismissal Emma dismisses his warning, confident in her own judgment. She continues to scheme for Harriet with Mr. Elton.

The Consequences Unfold

The Consequences Unfold Harriet's Suffering Harriet is devastated by Mr. Elton's marriage. Emma feels guilty but still believes she acted for the best. Mr. Knightley's I-told-you-so Mr. Knightley does not gloat, but his earlier words are vindicated. Emma begins to see her error.

Resolution

Resolution A Suitable Match Harriet marries Robert Martin, a man of her own class. Emma realizes that Mr. Knightley was right all along. Emma's Growth Emma admits her mistake and learns to value substance over social rank. The conflict between her and Mr. Knightley is resolved through mutual understanding.

early in the story, when Emma decides to befriend Harriet

when Harriet refuses Martin's proposal

during the same argument

after Mr. Elton's marriage, when Harriet is left heartbroken

when Harriet finally marries Robert Martin