Social Rank and Marriage

The theme of how social class influences marriage choices and perceptions of suitability.

increasingBearing stren­gth in each eventdecreasing

Emma's Snobbery

Emma's Snobbery A Farmer Is Below Notice Emma believes that Robert Martin, being a farmer, is not good enough for Harriet. She wants Harriet to marry a gentleman. Class Prejudice Emma's views reflect the rigid social hierarchy of the time. She values rank over character.

Mr. Knightley's Counterargument

Mr. Knightley's Counterargument True Worth Mr. Knightley argues that Robert Martin is a man of sense and integrity, more worthy than many gentlemen. He values character over birth. A Clash of Values Emma and Mr. Knightley represent different views on social rank. This conflict is central to the story.

Mr. Elton's Ambition

Mr. Elton's Ambition Marrying Up Mr. Elton rejects Harriet because she is of low birth, and instead marries a woman with fortune. He is motivated by social climbing. Emma's Contempt Emma despises Mr. Elton for his snobbery, even though she herself is guilty of similar prejudice.

Jane Fairfax's Fate

Jane Fairfax's Fate A Superior Alliance Jane, despite her poverty, is engaged to Frank Churchill, a wealthy heir. Their marriage is considered suitable because of her accomplishments and his love. Class and Merit Jane's case shows that marriage can overcome class barriers when personal merit is recognized.

Harriet's True Place

Harriet's True Place A Suitable Match Harriet's parentage is revealed to be that of a tradesman, making her marriage to Robert Martin entirely appropriate. She is happy in her own sphere. Emma's Lesson Emma learns that happiness does not depend on high rank. She accepts that Harriet's marriage is right and good.

early in the story, when she dismisses Robert Martin

during the argument about Harriet's refusal

when he chooses Augusta Hawkins

her engagement to Frank Churchill

when she marries Robert Martin