The Hypocrisy of Adult Society
The Adventures of Tom SawyerThe novel's critique of adult institutions like Sunday-school, church, and the legal system.
increasing
Bearing strength in each event
decreasing
The Sunday-School Farce

The Empty Rituals
The Ticket System
Sunday-school rewards memorization, not understanding. Tom wins a Bible through trickery, exposing the system's flaws.
The Superintendent's Speech
Mr. Walters' speech is full of platitudes. The adults are more concerned with appearances than genuine piety.
The Judge's Ignorance
Judge Thatcher praises Tom for learning two thousand verses, but Tom cannot name the disciples. The adults are complicit in the hypocrisy.
The Church Service

The Boredom and Distraction
The Interminable Sermon
The minister's sermon is long and dull. Tom's attention wanders to a pinchbug and a poodle, causing chaos.
The Congregation's Reaction
The adults suppress laughter, revealing their own boredom. The church service is a social obligation, not a spiritual experience.
The Critique
The novel satirizes religious observance, showing that even adults find it tedious.
The Legal System's Flaws

The Near Miscarriage of Justice
The Circumstantial Evidence
Muff Potter is nearly convicted based on circumstantial evidence and false testimony. The system is shown to be fallible.
The Heroic Witness
Tom's testimony saves Potter, but only because a child breaks the code of silence. The adults are unable to see the truth.
The Aftermath
The town quickly forgets its eagerness to hang Potter and embraces him. The legal system is driven by public opinion, not justice.
Early in the story
Early in the story
Mid-story