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Conclave

Overview

Robert Harris’s Conclave, first published in 2016, is a political thriller set around the election of a new pope. Combining the enclosed suspense of a locked-room mystery with the rivalries of institutional politics, it turns a highly formal religious process into a fast-moving contest over leadership, belief, and influence. The novel is set in a contemporary world, though its precise year is not stated; clues have led readers to describe its setting as the near future.

After the pope dies in his sleep, Cardinal Jacopo Lomeli, dean of the College of Cardinals, is responsible for presiding over the gathering that will choose his successor. One hundred and eighteen cardinals from around the world assemble behind the closed doors of the Sistine Chapel and cast their votes. Their public duty is spiritual: to discern who should lead the Church. Yet the men taking part are also vulnerable to ambition, factional loyalty, reputation, and the ordinary temptations of power. Lomeli must oversee the proceedings while trying to understand the candidates, their supporters, and the motives shaping the contest. As votes are counted and alliances shift, secrets and scandals complicate what initially appears to be a tightly controlled election. New revelations unsettle the cardinals’ assumptions, and the final outcome depends on more than a straightforward contest between leading candidates. Harris reserves a major surprise for the closing pages, making the final turn part of the book’s suspense.

Themes and approach

At the heart of Conclave is the tension between spiritual ideals and temporal power. The cardinals serve an institution with an immense moral and religious purpose, but the election also exposes the compromises and rivalries that accompany the management of a vast organization. The novel asks whether people entrusted with authority can remain faithful to their ideals, and how much secrecy, bargaining, or expediency a community will accept in the name of unity. Its concerns therefore extend beyond the Catholic Church: the struggle to choose a leader, the influence of factions, and the difficulty of preserving public trust are recognizable political problems in many settings.

Harris was already known for historical and political fiction, but here he places his thriller in a modern, restricted world rather than a distant historical period. The novel’s fictional characters and events unfold within the recognizable framework of a papal election; it is not an account of a particular real conclave. That combination gives the story both an air of institutional plausibility and room for invention. The closed setting concentrates attention on conversation, procedure, observation, and changing loyalties, while the voting provides a natural rhythm for reversals and suspense. Financial corruption, sexual scandal, and terrorism broaden the stakes, linking the private contest for leadership to the pressures confronting the Church in the modern world. Reviewers have praised the book as gripping and have compared its structure to an ultimate locked-room mystery.

Reception and legacy

Conclave became one of Harris’s best-known modern thrillers, admired for making a secretive institution accessible without losing the pace of a political page-turner. Its appeal rests not only on the question of who will be elected, but also on its larger examination of conscience, compromise, and the human weaknesses that persist inside institutions built around ideals. The novel was adapted into a film directed by Edward Berger and starring Ralph Fiennes, released in 2024. The film won the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay and was nominated for Best Picture, bringing the story to a wider audience and reinforcing the novel’s standing as a distinctive contemporary thriller about power and faith.

About the Author

Robert Harris

Early life and journalism

Robert Dennis Harris was born on 7 March 1957 in Nottingham, England. He studied at Selwyn College, University of Cambridge, where he earned a BA. Before becoming known primarily as a novelist, he worked as a journalist, including for the BBC and the Sunday Times. His early career in reporting and nonfiction gave him sustained exposure to political institutions, public argument, and the way information can shape events. Those interests became central to his fiction, whose protagonists often investigate powerful institutions or find themselves caught between official accounts and uncomfortable evidence.

Harris first established himself as a writer of nonfiction before turning to novels. His breakthrough, Fatherland (1992), is an alternate-history thriller imagining a Europe in which Nazi Germany won the Second World War. The book demonstrated his ability to make a speculative political premise feel grounded in concrete detail while maintaining the pace of a popular thriller. He followed it with Enigma (1995), set against the wartime codebreaking effort, and Archangel (1998), which draws a contemporary investigator into the concealed history of the Soviet era. Pompeii (2003) shifted his attention further back in time, using the Roman city and its destruction as the setting for a historical thriller.

Major works

A major strand of Harris’s career is his trilogy of novels about the Roman statesman Cicero: Imperium (2006), Lustrum (2009), and Dictator (2015). Together, they explore political ambition, rhetoric, shifting alliances, and the precariousness of power in the Roman Republic. Other notable books include The Ghost (2007), a contemporary political thriller about a ghostwriter working on a former prime minister’s memoir; The Fear Index (2011), which brings financial markets and artificial intelligence into a story of mounting danger; and An Officer and a Spy (2013), a novel about French officer Georges Picquart and the Dreyfus affair. The latter won the Walter Scott Prize for Historical Fiction and the American Library in Paris Book Award.

Harris continued to move between historical subjects and speculative or contemporary political settings. Munich (2017) centres on the 1938 Munich Agreement, while The Second Sleep (2019) imagines a society after a civilizational rupture. V2 (2020) returns to the Second World War, and Act of Oblivion (2022) draws on the aftermath of the English Civil War. Precipice (2024) is another historical novel. Conclave (2016), meanwhile, applies his interest in closed political worlds to the fictional election of a pope. Many of his books have been adapted for film, including Munich and Conclave.

Reputation

Harris is widely regarded as a leading British writer of historical and political thrillers. His fiction is notable for combining extensive attention to historical or institutional settings with lucid plotting and strong narrative momentum. Across very different subjects—from Nazi Germany and ancient Rome to a papal election—his work repeatedly examines how power shapes truth, loyalty, and individual conscience. His books have been translated into forty languages, and he is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature. He was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire. Harris is married to the novelist Gill Hornby; they have four children and live in West Berkshire. He is alive and continues to write as of 2026. His lasting reputation rests on making political and historical complexity accessible to a broad readership without abandoning questions of moral responsibility and the human cost of ambition.

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