Varuṇ

Varuṇ appears as a sea ruler whose domain is both an ancient cosmic home and a source of natural abundance. The text also names him as Susheṇ’s father and invokes him as a possible commander of divine forces, giving him a limited but distinct presence across the poem.

Identity and Domain

Varuṇ is associated with the open sea. At the shore, the ocean is described as his home, ordained from ancient times: its waters roar and swell, and its depths hold pearls and shells. This image connects his authority with the sea’s scale and its hidden wealth; the passage presents the ocean not merely as a landscape, but as a realm belonging to a divine ruler.

Kinship

The poem identifies Varuṇ as the father of Susheṇ. This brief genealogical detail places him within the divine ancestry associated with the monkey heroes, without elaborating on his relationship with his son or describing any direct involvement in Susheṇ’s deeds.

Martial Invocation

In a battle passage, Varuṇ is named among formidable powers who might lead armies against Ráma and his brother. The reference is conditional: it imagines even Varuṇ and other divine forces joining the conflict, rather than narrating that they actually do so. It extends his reach beyond the sea, presenting him as a potential military authority while leaving his role in the poem primarily defined by his oceanic domain.